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For Bulgaria

The republic of Bulgaria is situated on the Eastern half of the Balkan peninsula, covering an area of 111 000km2 and overtakes 22% of its area. Bulgaria borders with the Black sea from the East, with Greece and Turkey from the South, with Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia from the West and with Romania from the North separated by the Dunav river. The total length of the country’s borderline is 2245km, from that 1181km are dry land, 686km - rivers and 378km – sea. The population is 7700 000 persons, the official language is Bulgarian, the capital city is Sofia, the native currency is /BGN/, the gross national product per head of population is 10700$ .

The Republic of Bulgaria is a member of the European Union and NATO. The Republic of Bulgaria is administratively divided into 28 regions.

 

The country is situated on the border of a moderate and Mediterranean climate. In the northern regions the climate is moderately continental, with pronounced 4 seasons, whilst in the southern regions exist more Mediterranean climate conditions.

Spring is warm and rainy. The summer is hot and sunny, the average temperatures throughout the year are around 20-22°С. The first half of autumn is warm, sunny and dry. During the second half of autumn the temperatures drop, it becomes cloudy, it rains more persistently, fogs fall more often that linger and strong winds blow. During the winter the average temperatures in northern Bulgaria are around -1, -2°С and for the southern regions around 0°С . The winds alternate, relatively constant are the north-western and western winds – during the spring they cause rises in temperature, during the summer they bring with them rain. Relatively often north-eastern winds blow – cold during the winter and hot during the summer. The average annual rainfall is between 450 to 1300mm / mostly during May and June/. Snow falls may cover regions from 10 days in a year /mostly around the seaside/ and up to 200 days in a year /around the mountain tops/. In the mountains which are 1500m above sea level a typical mountainous climate forms, with relatively low temperatures, lavish rainfalls and are consistently covered in snow. The average annual temperature up there is around 10,5°С . Average seasonal temperatures: spring from +4 to +12°С , summer from +12 to +26°С , autumn from +12 to +18°С , winter from -17 to +4°С .

The countries landscape is diverse. The hilly Dunav plane is situated in the northern regions, surrounded from the south by mountainous formations. In the southern regions lay the Upper-trakia valley and Rilo-Rodopa massif with the mountains Rila (peak Musala 2925m – the highest peak on the Balkan peninsula), Pirin, Rodopi, Sredna gora is connected with Stara mountain via many mountainous thresholds. In the south-western regions are situated the so called lattice mountains and the Strouma valley, and on the south-eastern side – Strandja mountain.

The caost of the Black sea is fairly indented, in places consisting of vertical cliffs and great length beaches.

Therapeutic mud lakes situated along the seaside and glacial lakes within the flanks of Rila and Pirin mountains. The Republic of Bulgaria has many warm and cool mineral springs (over 600).

Forests composed of deciduous and coniferous trees and steppe green vegetation.

The country contains 3 national parks with a total surface area of 193 048 hectares, 55 reserves covering an area of 75 975 hectares, 35 well-kept reserves with a total area of 4 452 hectares, 9 nature preserves covering an area of around 215 000 hectares, natural attractions or landmarks and protected picturesque countryside.